Higher Education

1982 - 1987 B.A. Cum Laude, Bar-Ilan University, Land of Israel Studies.
1987 - 1992 M.Sc. Bar-Ilan University, Life Sciences Department.
1993 - 1998 Ph.D. Bar-Ilan University, Land of Israel Studies.

Academic Ranks and Tenure in Institutes of Higher Education

Years	Ranks	Institute
2010	Professor, tenure	Dep. Erets Israel Studies
2005-2010	Senior lecturer	Dep. Erets Israel Studies and School of Public Health, University of Haifa
2001-2005	Lecturer	University of Haifa
1999-2001	Proposed rank - lecturer	University of Haifa
1995-2003	Lecturer, without tenure	Jordan Valley Regional College
1994-2000	Instructor	Bar-Ilan University

Offices in University Academic Administration

2001-2003 - B.A coordinator, Dep. Erets Israel Studies, University of Haifa
2004-2006 - Member M.A committee, Dep. Erets Israel Studies, University of Haifa
2006-2007 - Head M.A committee, Dep. Erets Israel Studies, University of Haifa
2007-present - Head of special B.A programs, Faculty of Humanities, University of Haifa.

Scholarly Positions and Activities outside the University

1996 Senior member, Organization Committee of the annual conference, the Israeli Society for the History of Medicine and Sciences, at Bar-Ilan University.

1997 Senior member, Organization Committee of international conference: Medicine in Jerusalem Throughout Ages, Bar-Ilan University.

2000 Senior member, Organization Committee of the annual conference of the Land of Israel Studies Department, Bar-Ilan University.

2001 Senior member, Organization Committee and chair of the annual conference of the Israeli Society for the History of Medicine and Sciences, Tel-Aviv.

2001-present Member, leading committee of tourism studies in Israel, Ministry of Education.

2001-present Senior member, Committee for creating a BA program in Tourism at the Jordan Valley Regional College.

2001-2003 Chairman, the Israeli Society for the History of Medicine and Sciences.

2002 Senior member, Organization Committee, and Chair at the annual conference of the Israeli Society for the History of Medicine and Sciences at University of Haifa and Bar-Ilan University.

2002 - Reviewer for professional journals in Israel (Koroth, Jerusalem and Eretz Israel) and abroad (Journal of Folklore, Vesalius - Official journal of the International Society for the History of Medicine, Dynamis - Acta Hispanica ad Medicinae Scientiarumque Historiam Illustrandam).

2003 Senior member, Organization Committee of the annual conference of the Israeli Society for the History of Medicine and Sciences at Sheari Tzedek hospital Jerusalem.

2003 Member of the governing council of the Biblical Fruit Society of Israel.

2004 - Member of the governing council of the Golan Research Institute.

2004 - Member of the editorial board of "Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine".

2000-2003 Research Associate, Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London.

2006 - present - National delegate to ISHM (International Society of the History of Medicine)

Active Participation in Scholarly Conferences

Conference	Date and Place	Paper Subject
Annual conference of the Dept. of land of Israel Studies	Bar-Ilan University, May 1995	"The research of ancient medicinal materials of the Land of Israel at the Middle Ages"
Annual conference of the Israeli Society for the History of Medicine and Sciences	Tel-Aviv University, March 1996	"The natural materia medica of the land of Israel 638-1799"
Medicine in Jerusalem throughout the ages	Bar-Ilan University, May 1997	"Medicinal substances of Jerusalem from the 10th to the 18th century"
The Levant	Bar-Ilan University, March 1999	"Use of and trade in medicinal materials in medieval Levant"
Medax: The annual conference of the physician in Israel	Hotel Dan Panorama, Tel Aviv, November 1999	"Traditional drugs in Israel at the end of the 20th century".
Yearly conference of the Geographical Society of Israel	Haifa University, December 1999	"Minerals medical substances of the northern parts of Israel"
Conference in memory of Prof. Dan Palevitch	Volkani Institute, February 2000	"Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal substances in Israel"
Breeding research on medicinal and aromatic plants	Crete, July 2000	mutual presentation with Prof. Z. Yaniv, Dr. D. Sheferman and Dr. D. Granot:"Biodiversity and Uses of White Mutsard (Sinapis alba) Native to Israel as a Plant with Economic Potencial"
Natural products research in the new Millennium	Zurich, September 2000	mutual presentation with Prof. Z. Yaniv, Dr. Y. Tabib, Dr. D. Sheferman and L. Alian: "Past and Present Medicinal Uses of Selected Desert Plants of Israel"
Annual conference, the Israeli Society for the History of Medicine and Sciences	Beer-Sheva University, October 2000	"The end of the traditional medicine in Jerusalem according to the Swiss physician Dr. Titus Tobler"
Human and Other Animals in History	Haifa and Tel-Aviv Universities January 2001	"Medicinal Uses of Animals and their products in the Medieval Levant".
Medicine and Jews	Cohn-Haddow Center, Whyne State University Detroit, May 2001	"New Look at Medical Issues in the Bible", (Invited speech)
Medax: The annual conference of the physician in Israel	Conferences Center, Tel-Aviv, September 2001	"Doctrine of Signature in Medieval and Early Ottoman Levant"
International Society for the History of Nephrology	Sicily, November 2001	"The Use of Natural Substances to treat Renal Stones in the Levant During the Middle Ages" (Invited speech)
Annual conference, the Israeli Society for the History of Medicine and Sciences	Sheari Tzedek, Jerusalem, May 2002	"Dr. Thomas Chaplin - The Great British Doctor", mutual presentation with Dr. Yaron Perry"
38th International Congress of the History of Medicine	Istanbul, September 2002	Chair and: 1."The Doctrine of Signature in the Medieval and Ottoman Levant". 2. "The Contribution of the Sixteenth-Century Turkish Physician Daud al-Antaki to the Research of medicinal Substances in Use in the Levant" (Bilad al-Sham)"
Annual conference, the Geographical Society of Israel	Beer-Sheba University, December 2002	"The Use of Clay and Earth as Food and Medicine in the Land of Israel and Syria During the Middle Ages"
Annual conference, the Israeli Society for the History of Medicine and Sciences	Hadassa hospital, Jerusalem, April 2003	"The scientific and medical achievements of the British physician Dr. Ernst Masterman 1867-1942" mutual presentation with Dr. Yaron Perry.
Henry Wellcome Conference 2003	Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London, June 2003	"The Contribution by Doctors of the London" Jews Society to Medicine and Science in the 19th-Century Holy Land", mutual presentation with Dr. Yaron Perry"
8th International congress of Ethno-pharmacology, 2004	University of Kent, Canterbury, UK, June 2004	"Ethno-diversity within current ethno-pharmacology as part of Israeli traditional medicine"
9th International congress of Ethnobiology, 2004	University of Kent, Canterbury, UK, June 2004	"Medicinal plants of the Levant: medieval to present-day Levantine practice"
8th International congress of Ethno-pharmacology, 2004	University of Kent, Canterbury, UK, June 2004	"Traditional medicine and drugs in Israel at the beginning of the 21th century" mutual presentation with Dr. Zohar Amar
39th International Congress on the History of Medicine	Bari, Italy, September 2004	"Healing with animals (Zootherapy) in the medieval and early Ottoman Levant"
39th International Congress on the History of Medicine	Bari, Italy, September 2004	"Medicine in Jerusalem during the Ottoman period and the Franciscans' medical activity", mutual presentation with Dr. Zohar Amar
Medicinal plants of Israel: Past and Present	Bar-Ilan University, December 2004	"The Cairo Genizah as a source for the study of medicinal plants among the Medieval Mediterranean society" mutual presentation with Dr. Zohar Amar
First International Maimonides Conference on Medicine and Ethics	Tiberias, Israel. March 2005	"Medical aspects of the Jewish community of Cairo during the time of Maimonides"
6th International Congress of Ethnobotany	Istanbul, Turkey, August 2005	"Ritual plants in Muslim's graveyards in Israel" mutual presentation with Prof. Amots Dafni
Bridging the Worlds of Judaism and Islam	Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel, January	"Jewish Practitioners in Medieval Muslim Cairo "
1st International Conference Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica in Medieval Manuscripts	Baku, June 2006	Chair and "Practical Materia Medica of the Jewish Community of Medieval Cairo According to the Genizah Fragments"
1st WCJE Congress [World Congress of the Jews from Egypt]	Haifa, June 2006	"The Cairo Genizah as Main Source for the Reconstruction of Medical Activity and Knowledge in Medieval Societies"
BAJS (British Association for Jewish Studies) Annual Conference	Cambridge, July 2006	"The Genizah as Main Source for the Study of Practical and Theoretical Medicine in Medieval Eastern Societies"
40th International Congress on the History of Medicine	Budapest, August 2006	"Original Jewish Prescriptions from Medieval Cairo: A Source of Knowledge about A Community's Medical Condition"
Science and medicine in Rylands Genizah Collection (specialists conference workshop)	Manchester, April 2007	"Medical and Para-Medical Manuscripts in the Rylands Genizah Collection"
Annual conference, the Israeli Society for the History of Medicine and Sciences	Reut hospital, Tel Aviv, June 2007	Chair
Annual conference of GSA - the Geological Society of America	Denver, USA, October 2007	"Healing with Minerals and Inorganic Substances: Medieval to Present Day Levantine Traditional Medicine Practice"
"The Cairo Genizah as Main Source for the Reconstruction of the Use of Medicinal Plants in Medieval Societies", (Invited speech)	Volkani Institute, Israel, 2008	EILM – Israeli Society for Medicinal Plants
"Genizah and medicine", (Invited speech)	St. John's College, Cambridge, UK, 2008	Centenary seminar on Charles Taylor and the Genizah research.
Chair and "'Medieval Fossils' of Medical Knowledge from Medieval Cairo" mutual presentation with Prof. Zohar Amar	Nicosia, Cyprus, 209	ISHM (International Society for the History of Medicine) Annual Meeting
"The Genizah as Main Source for the Study of Practical and Theoretical Medicine in Medieval Eastern Societies" (Invited speech)	Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany, 2009	The use of herbs in Yemeni healing practices: an interdisciplinary workshop on traditional knowledge and cultural concepts in scientific perspective
"Mediators between theoretical and practical medieval medical knowledge: notebooks in the Cairo Genizah and their importance"	Kalamazoo, USA, 201	Medieval Congress
Integrating traditional and modern medical knowledge aiming to promote collaborative Middle-Eastern herbal research in cancer care  (Invited speech and participation)	Larnaca, Cyprus, 201	Middle East Cancer Consortium on Integrative Medicine in Oncology
"Mediators between theoretical and practical medieval medical knowledge: notebooks in the Cairo Genizah and their importance"	Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, London, 2010	The Future of Medical History: International Conference
“Trends in the use of perfumes and incense after the Muslim conquest” (Invited speech and participation)	Heidelberg University, Germany, 2010	Perfumery and Ritual - The Use of Incense, Flowers, Distillates, and Aromatic Objects in Asia
Medieval dietetic instructions found in the Cairo Genizah in  prescriptions from the Mediterranean area	Leeds, UK, 2011	International Medieval Congress

Colloquium Talks and other Invited Addresses

1992 Institute of Archeology, Hebrew University, Colloquium, "The vegetal diet of the Neanderthal of the Kebara cave in Mt. Carmel".

1998 School of History, Tel Aviv University, Colloquium, "Natural medical substances in medieval al-Sham region".

1998 Dept. of Eretz Israel Studies, Haifa University, Colloquium, "The use of natural materia medica in the land of Israel throughout ages".

1999 Dept. of Geography, Haifa University, Colloquium, "Minerals as medicinal substances at the medieval Middle East".

2002 Medieval forum, Faculty of Jewish Studies, Bar Ilan University, "The Research of Ancient Medicinal Substances"

2004 History of medicine seminar, History & Philosophy of Science, Cambridge University,
Cambridge, UK, "Levantine use of natural medicinal substances from medieval to present day".

2004 Archeobotany seminar, Dep. of Archeology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK,
"Mousterian vegetal food in Kebara Cave, Mt. Carmel".

2005 Master seminar, Prehistory division, Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University, "New look at the vegetal food of the Kebara cave Mousterian dwellers"

2007 "Work in progress" seminar, Wellcome Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London, "Medieval Materia Medica – Practice vs. Theory – the Case of the Cairo Genizah"

2007 "The Genizah as Main Source for the Study of Practical and Theoretical
Medicine in Medieval Eastern Societies", The Israeli Academic Centre, Cairo.

2007 "Medieval Pharmacology: Evidence from the Cairo Genizah", Colloquium
Department of History, University, of North Carolina, USA

2008 "The Genizah as Main Source for the Study of Practical and Theoretical Medicine in Medieval Eastern Societies", Colloquium Department of Land of Israel Studies, Bar-Ilan University

2009 "Medieval pharmacology: Evidence from the Cairo Genizah", Colloquium Kimmel Centre, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel

2009 "Mediators between theoretical and practical medieval medical knowledge: notebooks in the Cairo Genizah and their importance", "Work in Progress" seminar Wellcome Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London, UK

2010 "New genre between theory and practice – medical notebooks in the Cairo Genizah", Ben Zvi Institute for the Study of Jewish Communities in the East, Jerusalem Jewish and Muslim in medieval medicine: on the eve of publication of: Leigh Chipman, The World of Pharmacy and Pharmacists in Mamlūk Cairo, Leiden, Brill, 2010.

3.2010 "The Genizah as Main Source for the Study of Practical and Theoretical Medicine in Medieval Eastern Societies", School of Medicine, Mexico city, Mexico Overseas Scholar Lecture

6.2010 "Preliminary reflections - How can we best evaluate the empirical background of al-Ghāfiqī herbal", Institute of Islamic Studies, McGill University, Montreal, Canada al-Ghāfiqī project Consultative Workshop

8.2010 "The Genizah as Main Source for the Study of Practical and Theoretical Medicine in Medieval Eastern Societies", Colloquium
Dep. Of Plant Biology, Tel Aviv University

10.2010 "The use of medicinal plants in Medieval Middle East according to the Cairo Genizah – theory versus practice", Neaman Institute, Technion and BioNorth Network Production of natural medicinal products from plants

12.2010 "Theory and practice in medieval medicine: the material in the Cairo Genizah", Warburg Institute for Advanced Studies at UCL, London History of Scholarship seminar

Scholarships

1990 Fellowship for M.Sc. Students, “Edith Wolfssohn” Foundation.

1991 Fellowship for M.Sc. Student, Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University.

1991 Fellowship for M.Sc. Students, “Asaf Sheinblatt” Foundation,

1992 Fellowship for Ph.D. Students, “Shishinski” Foundation.

1995 Fellowship for Ph.D. Students, Bar Ilan University.

1997 Post-Doctoral Fellowship, Edelstein Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem,

1999 Yad Hanadiv fellowship for book publication "Medieval Substances of the Medieval Levant".

1999 Amos fellowship, President House - for book publication, "Medieval Substances of the Medieval Levant"

2000 Post-Doctoral Fellowship, Koret Foundation, Bar-Ilan University,

2001 British Chevening - Haifa University Fellowship for Post-Doctoral research in London,

2003-2004 Overseas Visiting Scholar grant, St. John's College, Cambridge. "Practical Materia Medica of the Medieval Mediterranean",

2010-2011 "Bleheen" Overseas Visiting Scholar grant, St. John's College, Cambridge (3 month –January-February and July-August 2011, February 2012, June 2012). 

Awards

1991 Dean Prize awarded for outstanding research student

1998 Award for Research Students in the History of Medicine, “Levkovitz” Foundation,

2003 Dr. Moses Einhorn prize for the research of Hebrew language and Medical literature – Tel-Aviv.

2009 Grant from Ben Zvi Institute for the Study of Jewish Communities in the East, for editing Hebrew medical book dealing with Fever (T-S K14.42)

2010 ISF proposal SI – "Isolation and characterization of novel anti-cancer compounds with from medicinal plants of Israel" (with Lev-Ari Shahar and Dov Lichtenberg – Tel Aviv University).

Research Grants, etc

1994 Co-winner of internal research fund with Dr. Zohar Amar, "Medicinal Substances of the Levant", Bar-Ilan University.

2000 Co-winner of internal research fund with Dr. Zohar Amar, "Traditional Medicinal Substances in Israel" Bar-Ilan University.

2001 Travel grant, Wellcome Trust, London, "Medicine in Jerusalem".

2001-2003 Internal funds (Traditional medicine of Ethiopian Jews, Practical Materia Medica of the Medieval Mediterranean) – Research Authority University of Haifa.

2004 Travel grant, Wellcome Trust, London, for the research of the Practical Materia Medica of the Medieval Mediterranean".

2006 ISF proposal, PI - "Reconstructing the Medical “Book Shelf” of Jewish Practitioners in 11th -14th Century Cairo", not accepted but graded: "very good".

2007 Travel grant, GSA Annual Conference, Denver, USA, "Healing with Minerals and Inorganic Substances: Medieval to Present Day Levantine Traditional Medicine Practice".

2007 Grant from Ben Zvi Institute for the Study of Jewish Communities in the East, for editing Hebrew medical book dealing with Fever (T-S K14.42)/

A. Courses taught in recent years:

Course name	Years	type	Level
Botany Basics	2000-present		B.A Eretz Israel Studies
Flora of Israel	2000-present		B.A Eretz Israel Studies
Fauna of Israel	2000-present		B.A Eretz Israel Studies
History of medicine and medicinal substances in Israel	2000-present		B.A Eretz Israel Studies
Seminar - Nature as primary source in Israel	2002-present		B.A Eretz Israel Studies
The beginning of modern medicine in the Land of Israel	2004		B.A Eretz Israel Studies
Health and medicine in ancient Levant	2004-present	Seminar	M.A. -School of Public Health
Health and medicine in early modern Israel	2004-present	Seminar	M.A. -School of Public Health

B. Supervision of graduate students in recent years:

Supervision of M.A. Sudents

1. Sharon Eyal, "The history and biology of the poisonous ma5rine organisms in the Northern Red Sea". (Second supervisor along with Prof. Spanier, Dep. of Maritime Civilizations). Graduated 2004.

2. Ori Mayer-Chissick. "The history of food preservation in Israel". Dep. Eretz Israel Studies, Graduated 2006.

3. Dor Edelist, "Artificial reefs in the Carmel shores as a tool for increasing the Macro-Fauna", (Second supervisor along with Prof. Spanier, Dep. of Maritime Civilizations).
Graduated 2006.

4. Gur Mizrahi, "Scyphomedusae along the southeastern coasts of the Mediterranean and the organisms associated with them" (Second supervisor along with Prof. Spanier, Dep. of Maritime Civilizations). Graduated 2007.

5. Zina Traube, "Socio-demographic characteristics of complementary medicine's patient at group age 0-18 in Northern Israel" (with Dr. Eran Ben Arieh and Dr. Liora Schechter), School of Public Health. Proposal approved.

6. Adel Ayada, "Bustan, between tradition, culture and recreation among the Bedouins in Northern Israel", Dep. Eretz Israel Studies. Proposal approved.

Supervision of Ph. D Students

1. Ori Mayer-Chissick. "Medieval medical dietetic". Dep. Eretz Israel Studies, Started 2006. Proposal approved.

Supervision of Postdoctoral students

1. Dr. Yaron Serri – "Medical books in the Cairo Geniza" (grant from Vatat and University of Haifa)

List of Publications

Ph.D.Dissertation

Medical Materials and Their Use During the Medieval Era in Israel and Syria, Hebrew, 365 p., 1998, Department of Land of Israel Studies, Bar-Ilan University.
Supervisors: Dr. Joseph Drori and Prof. Eran Dolev.

Books

Authored Books

1. Z. Amar and E. Lev, Physicians, Drugs and Remedies in Jerusalem from the 10th-18th Centuries, Tel-Aviv Eretz publication, 2000. Hebrew, 320 pages.

2. E. Lev, Medicinal Substances of the Medieval Levant. Tel-Aviv: Eretz publication, 2002. Hebrew, 380 pages.

3. E. Lev and Z. Amar, Ethnic Medicinal Substances of the Land of Israel. Tel-Aviv: Eretz and Jerusalem: Yerid-Hasefarim. 2002, Hebrew, 330 pages.

4. E. Lev, Medicinal Substances in Jerusalem from Early Times to Present Day, Archeopress, Oxford 2003 (BAR International Series 1112). English, 150 pages.

5*. E. Lev and Z. Amar, Practical Materia Medica of the Medieval Eastern Mediterranean According to the Cairo Genizah. Leiden: Brill (2007) (670 pages).

6* Y. Perry and E. Lev, Modern Medicine in the Holy Land, Pioneering British Medical Services in Late Ottoman Palestine. London: I.B. Tauris, (2007) (260 pages).

Edited Books

1. Z. Amar, E. Lev and J. Swartz (Eds.), Medicine in Jerusalem Throughout the Ages, Tel-Aviv, Eretz publication 1999. Hebrew/English, 210 pages.

Monographs

1. E. Lev and M.E.Kislev, The Subsistence and the Diet of the "Neanderthal" Man in Kebara Cave, Mt. Carmel, Tel-Aviv: The Israeli Society for Protection of Nature and Yad Hanadiv. 1993, Hebrew, 63 pages.

2. Z. Amar and E. Lev, An Historical Survey of Medicinal Substances of the al-Sham Region During the Middle Ages (640-1517 AD), Tel-Aviv, Eretz publication, 1999. Hebrew/English, 66 pages.

Articles IN Refereed Journals

Published

1. E. Lev and Z. Amar, "Medical Materials and Their Use in Israel and Syria in the Middle Ages 7th-16th Centuries", Et Hadat 1997 (1) Jerusalem pp. 112-115. (Hebrew).

2. Z. Amar and E. Lev, "Traditional Medicinal Substances in 19th Century Jerusalem According to Titus Tobler". Harefua (2000) 138:604-607 (Hebrew)

3. E. Lev, "The Medicinal uses of Animals and their Products in he Medieval Levant", Harefua (2000) 139: 483-487. (Hebrew).

4. E. Lev and Z. Amar, "Ethnopharmacological Survey of Traditional Drugs Sold in Israel at the End of the 20th Century", Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 72 (2000) pp. 191-205.

5. E. Lev, "The Use of Clay and Earth as Food and Medicine in the Land of Israel and Syria During the Middle Ages" Korot (2001) 15:7-19 (Hebrew).

6. E. Lev, "The Galilee, Mt. Hermon and Mt. Lebanon as a main source of mineral medical substances during the Middle Ages", Horizons in Geography (2001) 53:113-127 (Hebrew)

7. E. Lev and Y. Perry, "Historical evidence of the beginning of modern medicine in the Holy Land: "List of medicinal preparations found in stores and dispensary on July 21st 1857", Harefua (2001) 140(11): 1109-1112. (Hebrew).

8. E. Lev, "Reconstracted materia medica of the Medieval and Ottoman al- Sham", Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2002) 80:167-179

9. E. Lev and E. Dolev, "Use of Natural Substances in the Treatment of Renal Stones and other Urinary Disorders in the Medieval Levant" American Journal of Nephrology (2002) 22:172-179.

9a. --------- "Use of Natural Substances in the Treatment of Renal Stones and other Urinary Disorders in the Medieval Levant", History and Nephrology 4, G. Eknoyan, N.G. De-Santo, S.M. Shasha, G. Bellinghieri, V. Savica and S.G. Massry (Eds), Karger, Basel (2002), pp. 76-83.

10. E. Lev and Y. Perry, "The 1857 Inventory of Materia Medica of the British Hospital in Jerusalem", Pharmaceutical Historian, (2002) 32(3):40-45.

11. E. Lev, "The Doctrine of Signature in the Medieval and Ottoman Levant", Vesalius (2002)
VII,1,1-2:1-10.

11a. E. Lev, "Evidences to the use of Doctrine of Signature in the Middle Ages Land of Israel". Harefua (2002) 141(7): 651-655. (Hebrew).

12. E. Lev and Z. Amar, "Ethnopharmacological Survey of Traditional Drugs Sold in the Kingdom of Jordan", Journal of Ethnopharmacology, (2002) 82(2-3): 131-145.

13. Z. Yaniv, D. Granot, E. Lev and D. Schafferman "Biodiversity and Uses of White Mutsard (Sinapis alba) Native to Israel as a Plant with Economic Potencial", Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants, (2002) 9(4): 319-327.

14. Y. Perry and E. Lev, "Nineteenth Century Medical Activities of the London Society for Promoting Christianity Among the Jews, in the Holy Land", Medical History, (2003) 47:67-88.

15. E. Lev, "Medicinal Exploitation of Inorganic Substances in the Levant in
the Medieval and Early Ottoman Periods", Adler Museum Bulletin, (2002) 28(2,3):11-16.

16. E. Lev, "Healing with Animals (Zootherapy) from Practical Medieval Medicine to Present-day Traditional Medicine in the Levant", Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 85:107-118.

17. A. Dafni and E. Lev, "The Doctrine of Signature in Present-Day Israel", Journal of Economic Botany (2003) 56(4):328-334.

18. Y. Perry and E. Lev, "Medical activities of the British Mission to the Jews in 19th century Jerusalem" Korot (2003) 16:51-66. (Hebrew).

19. E. Lev; K. Ohry-Kossoy and A. Ohry, "Langerhans in the Middle East: More about the discoverer of the pancreatic islets", Vesalius (2003) 9:19-21.

20. E. Lev and Z. Amar, "The End of the Traditional Medicine in Jerusalem According to the Swiss Physician Titus Tobler (1806-1877)", Canadian Bulletin for the History of Medicine (2004) 21:159-180.

21. E. Lev, "The Contribution of the Turkish Physician, Daud al-Antaki, (16th Century) to the Research of Medieval Medical Substances in al-Sham", Turkish Journal of Medical Ethics, Law and History (2005). 13:74-80.

21a. E. Lev, "The Contribution of the Sixteenth-Century Turkish Physician, Daud al-Antaki to the Study of Medical Substances in the Levant (Bilad al-Sham)", Jerusalem and the Land of Israel (2004) 2:77-94 (Hebrew).

22. E. Lev and Y. Perry, "Dr. Thomas Chaplin, Scientist and Scholar in the Nineteenth-century Palestine", Palestine Exploration Quarterly (2004) 136(2):151-162.

23. E. Lev, M.E. Kislev and O. Bar-Yosef, "Mousterian Vegetal Food in Kebara Cave, Mt. Carmel", Journal of Archeological Sciences (2005) 32:475-484.

24. A. Dafni, S. Levey, E. Lev, "Ethnobotany of Christ's Thorn Jujube (Ziziphus spina-christi) in Israel", Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2005) 1(8):1-11.

25. A. Moussaieff, E. Frede, Z. Amar, E. Lev, D. Steinberg, R. Galily and R. Mechuolam, "The Jerusalem Balsam: From the Franciscan Monastery in the old city of Jerusalem to Martindale 33", Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2005) 101:16-26.

26. L. Chipman and E. Lev, "Syrup from the apothecary's shop: A Genizah fragment containing one of the earliest manuscripts of Minhaj al-dukkan", Journal of Semitic Studies (2006) 50: 137-167.

27. Z. Amar and E. Lev, "An Early Glimpse at Western Medicine in Jerusalem 1700-1840: The Case of the Jews and the Franciscans' Medical Activity", Vesalius (2005) 11:81-87.

28. E. Lev, "Ethno-diversity within current ethno-pharmacology as part of Israeli traditional medicine – A review", Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2006) 2:4 (1-12).

29. E. Lev, "Healing with animals in the Levant from the 10th to 18th century", Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2006) 2(11):1-11.

30. A. Dafni, E. Lev, S. Beckman and C. Eichberger, "Ritual plants of Muslims’ graveyards in northern Israel", Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2006), 2(38):1-27.

31. Y. Perry, E. Lev, "Ernest William Gurney Masterman, British Physician and Scholar in the Holy Land”, Palestine Exploration Quarterly (2006) 132:133-146.

32. E. Lev and Z. Amar, "Reconstruction of the inventory of materia medica used by members of the Jewish community of medieval Cairo according to prescriptions found in the Taylor-Schechter Genizah Collection, Cambridge", Journal of Ethnopharmacology, (2006) 108:428-444.

33. E. Lev, "Drugs held and sold by pharmacists of the Jewish community of medieval (11th -14th centuries) Cairo according to lists of materia medica found at the Taylor-Schechter Genizah collection, Cambridge", Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2007), 110:275-293.

34. Y. Perry and E. Lev, "Dr Walter Henry Anderson (1869-1937) the Holy man of Safed", Vesalius 2007 (13):4-9.

35. Y. Perry and E. Lev, "British Physician in Palestine", Korot (2006) 18:67-90.

36. E. Lev, L. Chipmn, "Fragments of Judeo-Arabic Manuscripts of Sabur Ibn Sahl al-Aqrabadhin al-Saghir found in the Taylor-Schechter Cairo Genizah Collection", Medieval Encounter (2007) 13:347-362.

37. E. Lev and Z. Amar, "Medieval Materia Medica - Practice vs. Theory - the Case of the Cairo Genizah", Medical History (2007) 51:507-526.

38. Z. Amar and E. Lev, "The significance of the Genizah's medical documents for the study of medieval Mediterranean trade", Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, (2007) 50:524-541.

39. E. Lev and Y. Perry, "Dr Edward Macgowan, a Long-term Pioneer Physician in Mid-nineteenth Century Jerusalem: Founder and Director of the First Modern Hospital in the Holy Land", Journal of Medical Biographies (2008) 16:52-56.

40. E. Lev, L. Chipman, F. Niessen "A Hospital Handbook for the Community: Evidence for the Extensive Use of  Ibn Abī 'l-Bayān’s al-Dustūr al-bīmāristānī by the Jewish Practitioners of Medieval Cairo", Journal of Semitic Studies (2008) 53:103-118.

41 L. Chipman and E. Lev, "Take a Lame and Decrepit Hyena….. A Genizah Study of Two Additional Fragments of Manuscripts of Sābūr Ibn Sahl al-Aqrābādhīn al-Şaghīr ", Early Science and Medicine (2008) 13:361-383.

42. Y. Perry and E. Lev, "Dr. Percy Charles Edward d'Erf Wheeler (1859-1944): A Notable Medical Missionary of the Holy Land", Journal of Medical Biographies (2008) 16:105-108.

43. E. Lev and F. Niessen, "Addenda to Isaacs Catalogue ‘Medical and Para-medical Manuscript in the Cambridge Genizah Collection Together with the Edition of Two Medical Documents T-S 12.33 and T-S NS 297.56", Hebrew Union College Annual
(2008) 77:131-165.

44. E. Lev, and Z. Amar, "'Fossils' of Practical Medical Knowledge from Medieval Cairo", Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2008) 119:24-40.

45. E. Lev, "Medieval Egyptian Judaeo-Arabic Prescriptions (and Edition of Three Medical Prescriptions)", Journal of Royal Asiatic Society (2008) 18(4): 449-464.

46. U. Mayer-Chissick and E. Lev, "A covenant of salt:  Salt as a Major Food Preservative in the Historical Land of Israel", Food & History 2008 5(2): 9-39.

47. E. Ben-Arye, E. Schiff,  K. Karkabi, and E. Lev, "Attitudes of Patients with Diabetes to Complementary Medicine in Israel: A Cross-Cultural Perspective", The Journal of  Alternative and Complementary  Medicine (2009) 15:211-212.

48.  A. Geva-Kleinberger and E. Lev, "Language Passivity in the Medical Arabic and Judaeo-Arabic Prescriptions of the Cairo Genizah", Journal of Semitic Studies (2009), 54: 435-458.

49. Z. Amar, E. Lev, and Y. Serry, "Ibn Rushd on Galen and the new drugs spread by the Arabs", Journal Asiatique (2009) 297:83-101.

50. E. Lev, "Healing with Minerals and Inorganic Substances: A Review of Levantine Practice from the Middle Ages to the Present Day", International  Geological Reviews (2010), 52:700-725.

51. E. Ben-Arye, E. Lev, Y.  Keshet, E. Schiff, "Integration of herbal medicine in primary care in Israel: A Jewish-Arab cross-cultural perspective", eCAM (Evidence Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine) 2009 1: 1-7.

52. E. Lev, L. Chipman and F. Niessen, "Chicken and Chicory are Good for You: A Unique Family Prescription from the Cairo Genizah (T-S NS 223.82–83)", Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam (2008), 35:335-352.

53. Y. Serry, E. Lev, "A Judaeo-Arabic fragment of Ibn-Biklārish's Kitāb al-Mustaʿīnī, part of a unique 12th-century tabular medical book found in the Cairo Genizah (T-S Ar.44.218)", Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (2010), 20:407-440.

54. E. Ben-Arye, Z. Traube, L. Schachter, M. Haimi, M. Levy, E. Schiff, E. Lev, “Stepping into integrative pediatric care: Parents’ attitudes toward communication of physicians and complementary medicine practitioners”, Pediatrics (2011), 127:84-95.

55. U. Mayer-Chissick and E. Lev, "Food preservation: trends in food surplus management in the Medieval Levant" Jerusalem and Eretz Israel (2011), 7:87-120. (Hebrew).

56. E. Ben-Arye, E. Lev, E. Schiff, “Complementary Medicine Oncology Research in the Middle-East: Shifting from Traditional to Integrative Cancer Care”, European Journal of Integrative Medicine (2011), 3: 29–37.

Accepted for Publication

57. E. Lev and R. Smithuis, "A Preliminary Catalogue of the Medical and Para-Medical Manuscripts in the Rylands Genizah Collection, Together With the Partial Edition of Two Medical Fragments (B 3239 and A 589)", Journal of Semitic Studies (20 pages) (2011).
58. E. Lev, "A Catalogue of the Medical and Para-Medical Manuscripts in the Mosseri Genizah Collection, together with several unpublished examples (X.37; I.124.2)", Journal of Jewish Studies (25 pages) (2011).

59.  Z. Amar, E. Lev, and Y. Serry, "On Ibn Juljul and the meaning and importance of the *list of medicinal substances not mentioned by Dioscorides*", Journal of Royal Asiatic Society (20 pages) (2011).

60. E. Ben-Arye, E. Schiff, K. Karkabi, Y. Keshet, E. Lev, “Exploring association of spiritual perspectives with complementary medicine use among patients with type 2 diabetes in Israel”, Ethnicity and Health (2011).

61. Z. Amar, E. Lev, "Watermelon, Chate Melon and Cucumber: New Light on Traditional and Innovative Field Crops of the Middle Ages", Journal Asiatique (25 pages) (2011).

62. L. Chipman, E. Lev, “Arabic Prescriptions from the Cairo Genizah”, Asian Medicine (20 pages) (2011).

63. E. Lev, and Z. Amar, "A Medieval Judaeo-Arabic Glossary of Drug's Names in the Taylor-Schechter Genizah Collection, Cambridge, "Journal of Semitic Studies (20 pages), (2011).

64*. E. Ben-Arye, E. Schiff,  E. Hassan, K. Mutafoglu, S. Lev-Ari, M. Steiner, O. Lavie, A. Polliack, M. Silbermann, E. Lev, “Integrative Oncology in the Middle East: from Traditional Herbal Knowledge to Contemporary Cancer Care”, Annals of Oncology (20 pages) (2011).

65. E. Ben-Arye, M. S. Ali-Shtayeh, M. Nejmi, E. Schiff, E. Hassan,  K. Mutafoglu, F. Afifi, R.M. Jamous, E. Lev, M. Silbermman, “Integrative oncology research in the Middle-East: Weaving traditional and complementary medicine in supportive care”, Supportive Care in Cancer (25 pages) (2011).

66. E. Lev,   M. Ephraim, E. Ben-Arye, "European and Oriental Mistletoe: From Mythology to Contemporary Integrative Cancer Care"  European Journal of Integrative Medicine (20 pages) (2011)

Articles or Chapters in Books which are not Conference Proceedings

Chapters

1. E. Lev, "Medical Materials in Jerusalem During the 10th-18th Centuries" in: Z. Amar, E. Lev and J. Shwartz (Ed.), Medicine in Jerusalem Throughout the Ages, Tel-Aviv (1999). pp. 51-78. (Hebrew).

2. E. Lev, "Trade of Medical Substances in the Medieval and Ottoman Levant (Bilad Al-Sham)", in: Y. Lev (ed.), Towns and Material Culture in the Medieval and Middle East. Brill, Leiden 2002. pp. 159-183.

3. E. Lev and E. Dolev, “Use of Natural Substances in the Treatment of Renal Stones and other Urinary Disorders
in the Medieval Levant”, History and Nephrology 4, G. Eknoyan, N.G. De-Santo, S.M. Shasha, G. Bellinghieri, V. Savica and S.G. Massry (Eds), Karger, Basel (2002), pp. 76-83 (same as D9).

4. E. Lev, "Ethnopharmacology in Israel and Neighboring Countries" in R. Pretorius (ed.) Trends and Developments in Ethnopharmacology, Research Signpost, Kerala, India. 2008. pp. 35-71. (INVITED CHAPTER).

Chapters - Accepted accepted for Publication

5. Z. Amar and E. Lev, “Medicine in Mamluke (1260-1517) Jerusalem”, in R. Amitay-Price and I. Fridman (eds.)
Jerusalem Book – The Mamluke Period, Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben Zvi (15 pages - in press). (Hebrew) (INVITED CHAPTER).
 
6. E. Lev, "Ramat  Hanadiv: the 'Gathering Field' of the Prehistoric Inhabitants of the Kebara Cave", in A. Perevolotsky (ed.) Conserving Mediterranean ecosystems: The Ramat Hanadiv case study and beyond. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (15 pages - forthcoming - INVITED CHAPTER).

7. E. Lev, and U. Mayer-Chissick, "Traditional Edible Plants in Israel", in A. Pieroni (ed.) Atlas of Gastronomic Botany of Europe (16 pages - INVITED CHAPTER).

8. E. Lev, "Eastern Mediterranean pharmacology and India trade as a background for Yemeni medieval medicinal plants" in: H. Schoenig, A. Regourd and I. Hehmeyer (eds.) Traditional Medicine in Yemen [Islamic History and Civilization Series] (Brill) (20 pages - INVITED CHAPTER).

Other Scientific Publications

1. Z. Yaniv; L. Ailian; Y. Tabib; E. Lev and D. Schafferman, "Past and Present Medicinal Uses of Selected Native Plants of Israel", Viennese Ethnomedicine Newsletter (2000) 3:12-23.

2. E. Lev, Book review: Zohar Amar, *The history of medicine in Jerusalem*, BAR International Series 1032, Oxford Archaeopress, 2002, pp.vi, 163, illus, (paperback). ISBN 1841714127 (600 words) Medical History (2003) 47:549-550.

3. E. Lev, "Work in progress - the research of medical knowledge in the Cairo Genizah - past, present and future". in: S. Reif (ed.), The Written Word Remains - The archive and the achievement, Taylor-Schechter Genizah Research Unit at Cambridge University Library, Cambridge. 2004. pp. 37-51.

4. Z. Amar; E. Lev; Z. Yaniv, "Cereal Beer (Sheikhar) in Jewish Sources", Viennese Ethnomedicine Newsletter (2005) 8(1):3-7.

5. E. Lev, "The Cairo Genizah as Main Source for the Reconstruction of Medical Activity and Knowledge in
Medieval Societies", in: A. Aharoni; Aimée Israel-Pelletier; L. Zamir (ed.); History and Culture of the Jews from
Egypt in Modern Times, Kenes Hafakot. Tel Aviv, 2008. pp. 51-61.

6. E. Lev, "Practical and theoretical medical issues in medieval Jewish Cairo according to the Genizah", in S. Reif
(ed.): Charles Taylor and the Genizah Collection Cambridge, St. John College, 2009. pp. 53-59.

1. E. Lev, "Doctrine of signature", The Israeli Encyclopedia of Medicine, (600 words).

2. Z. Amar and E. Lev, "Animals in Jewish folklore", Encyclopedia of Jewish Folklore, (1200 words).

3. E. Lev, "ASAPH HA-ROFEH (aka ASAPH BEN BERACHYAHU THE PHYSICIAN or ASAPH THE WISE) (fl. Persia, c. 2nd century), Dictionary of Medical Biographies (430 words).

3. E. Lev, "ASAPH HA-ROFEH (aka ASAPH BEN BERACHYAHU THE PHYSICIAN or ASAPH THE WISE) (fl. Persia, c. 2nd Century), (430 words). W. and H. Bynum (eds.) Dictionary of Medical Biographies, Greenwood Press, Westport-Connecticut-London, 2007, I, p.132.

1. M.E. Kislev and E. Lev, Dietary and Health Issues of the Inhabitants of the Middle Paleolithic Kebara Cave. in: O. Bar-Yosef, & L. Meignen, (Eds.) The Middle Paleolithic Archaeology of Kebara Cave, Mt Carmel, Part I. Peabody Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (30 pages).